Field data (Each questionnaire refers to one crop species cultivated per field)
Municipality :
Montecarotto
Latitude :
43.520499
Longitude :
13.026746
Field Size (ha)
3.29
Crop Species
olives
vineyards
apples
pears
peaches
apricot
nectarine
plum
cherries
oranges
tangerines
lemons
grapefruit
hazelnuts
chestnuts
almonds
Width between cultivated rows (m)
3.1
Crop form
Crop forms for vineyard
Vase
Espalier
Marquee
Slope (%)
20
Pruning Operations Performed
Type of pruning
Maintenance
Grafting
Structuring
Topping
Removal of old branches
Blooming
Pruning Method
Only manually
Mechanised pre-pruning + manual
Fully mechanised
Frequency of pruningCheck as many as apply
annual
biannual
biennial
Once per years
Mechanized Collection
Preparation of the field prior to harvesting
No preparation - prunings were left on the soil as they fall from tree
Centre-operatos position prunings on the center of the lane between tree rows
Centre alligned-operators position prunings in a specific position in center (e.g. alligned with the direction of the row)
Previous windrowing-a tractor with windrower is used prior pruning harvester
Integrated windrower to the pruning machine
Harvesting methodsCheck according to the figures below the harvesting method that is used for the pruning biomass
Manual cross-cutting of firewood+gathering at field side
Forestry chipper towed by tractor + manual feeding
Hauling the branches + shredding/chipping at field side
Hauling the branches + baling at field side
Harvest with mulcher/chipper in front
Harvest with mulcher/chipper at rear
Harvest with rear mulcher/chipper and bin
Harvest with rear mulcher/chipper and big-bags
Automotive shredder/chipper with rear trailer
Harvest with standard hay baler
Harvest with rear baler prepare for wood or tree branches
Pre-pruning integrated with collection and mulching/chipping
Pre-pruning integrated with collection and mulching/chipping in an automotive machine
Type of pruning treatment and model of machinerySpecify the method that prunings are treated based on the outcome product and manufacturer-model of each machinery (windrower,mulcher,chipper,baler) that is used if applicable
Windrower-Machines that allign biomass in a row
Windrower (manufacturer-model)
Mulcher-big pieces. Machines that break the branches in big pieces. Normally they are an evolution from the typical muchers/cruchers utilised to leave the branches on the soil in pieces.
Mulcher (manufacturer-model)
Shredder - Produce finer material (hammers or hammers with a knive.Do not produce a clear cut)
Shredder (manufacturer-model)
Chipper - Clean cut. Resembles the typical form of forest woodchips
Chipper (manufacturer-model)
Round bale
Baler (manufacturer-model)CAEB MP 400 S
Squared bale
Baler (manufacturer-model)
Processes SpecificationsSpecify the specifications of the processes (manpower,gross working time, productivity, fuel consumption)
Check as many as apply
Processes
Manpower (Nr of persons)
Gross working time (hr/ha)a
Productivity (t/ha or t/hr)
Fuel consumption (l/hr)
Manual Alignment
Windrowing
Integrated harvesting/treatment
1.34
1.68 t/hr
Hauling
Treatment at field side
Disposal/dumping of biomass
End product propertiesSpecify the properties (moisture,bulk density,particle size,ash) of the prunings after treatment and harvesting, if known
Moisture (% a.r.)
44 wet bas
Particle size (cm)
Bulk density (kg/m3)
0.414
Ash content (% dry basis)
Problems encountered due to the field
Soil uneven
Slope
Stones
Too much grass
Value Chains
Indicate if your experience is based on an isolated test or if it based on an existing value chain:
My experience is just an experimental trial-machinery test
My experience is part of an existing value chain
Contact Data
Name :
Raffaele Spinelli
Email :
spinelli@ivalsa.cnr.it
Profession :
Researcher
Country :
Italy
References-External links:Provide references on which the information is based on or highlight any comments
Raffaele Spinelli ,Natascia Magagnotti, Carla Nati, Harvesting vineyard pruning residues for energy use, Biosystems Engineering Volume 105, January 2010, Pages 316-322
This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 691748
olives
vineyards
